In the International Handbook,
32 contributors from eight countries
discuss the theory, diagnosis,
treatment, and legal aspects
of Parental Alienation Syndrome:

Parental Alienation Syndrome Handbook


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PAS Bibliography A-C

PAS Bibliography D-G

PAS Bibliography H-K

PAS Bibliography L-O

PAS Bibliography V-Z

PAS Bibliography P-T

This Parental Alienation Syndrome bibliography took a great deal of time and effort to put together and contains the best scholarly material we could find on high-conflict custody disputes and Parental Alienation Syndrome.  We hope you find it helpful.


Palmer, N. (1988) Legal Recognition of the Parental Alienation Syndrome. 16 American Journal of Family Therapy 4.

Paris, J. (2000) Kindheitstrauma und Boderline-/Persönlichkeitsstörung. In: Kernberg, O. F., Dulz, B., and Sachsse, U., Handbuch der Borderlinestörungen. Stuttgart: Schattauer, pp. 159 – 166.

Peck, M. S. (1983) Mepeople of the Lie. NY: Simon and Schuster.

Pennebaker, J.W., Colder, M., & Sharp, L.K. (1990) Accelerating the Coping Process. 58 Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3.

Petri, H. (1999) Das Drama der Vaterentbehrung, Freiburg: Herder.

Pett, M., Wampold, B., Turner, C. & Vaughan-Cole, B. (1999) Paths of Influence of Divorce on Preschool Children’s Psychosocial Adjustment. 13 Journal of Family Psychology 2

Poole, D.A., & Lamb, M.E. (1998) Investigative Interviews of Children: A Guide for Helping Professionals. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Pope, H.G. Jr. (1997) Psychology Astray: Fallacies in Studies of ‘Repressed Memory’ and Childhood Trauma. Boca Raton, FL: Social Issues Resources Series.

Pope, H.G., Oliva, P.S. & Hudson, J.I. (1999) The Scientific Status of Research on Repressed Memories. In: Faigman, D.L.,

Kaye, D.H., Saks, M.J., and Sanders, J. (Eds) (1999) Modern Scientific Evidence: The Law and Science of Expert Testimony, Vol I, Pocket Part, West Publishing, pg. 115-155.

Popper, K. (1988) Science, Conjectures and Refutations. In: E.D. Klemke, R. Hollinger & A.D. Kline (Eds) Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science, (Revised Ed) Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books.

Pruett, K. & Pruett, M.K. (Eds) (1998) Child Custody. 7 Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic North America 2.

Price, J. and Pioske, K, (1994), Parental Alienation Syndrome: A Developmental Analysis of a Vulnerable Population. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 32(11):9-12.

Pushak, R.E. (2002) The Dearth of Empirically Supported Mental Health Services for Children, 1 The Scientific Review of Mental Health Practice 2.

Quinn, K.M. (2002) Interviewing Children for Suspected Sexual Abuse. In: D. H. Schetky & E. P. Benedek (Eds.) Principles and Practice of Adolescent Psychiatry. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 149-159.

Racusin, R., Copans, S., & Mills, P. (1994) Characteristics of Families of Children Who Refuse Post Divorce Visits. 50 Journal of Clinical Psychology 5.

R.M. Galatzer-Levy & L. Kraus (Eds) The Scientific Basis of Child Custody Decisions. NY: Wiley, pp. 120-156.

Rand, D.C. (1997) The Spectrum of Parental Alienation Syndrome (Part I) 15 American Journal of Forensic Psychology 3.

Rand, D.C. (1997) The Spectrum of Parental Alienation Syndrome (Part II) 15 American Journal of Forensic Psychology 4

Rand, D., Rand, R., & Kopetski, L. (2005) The Spectrum of Parental Alienation Syndrome Part III: The Kopetski follow-up study. 23 American Journal of Forensic Psychology 1.

Rand, D. & Rand, R. (2006) Factors Affecting Reconciliation Between the Child and Target Parent. In: R. Gardner, R. Sauber, & D. Lorandos (Eds) The International Handbook of Parental Alienation Syndrome: Conceptual, Clinical and Legal Considerations. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd.

Raskin, D.C., & Esplin, P.W. (1991) Assessment of Children’s Statements of Sexual Abuse. In: J. Doris (Ed.), The Suggestibility of Children’s Recollections. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, pp. 153-164.

Raskin, D.C., & Esplin, P.W. (1992) Statement Validity Assessment: Interview Procedures and Content Analysis of Children’s Statements of Sexual Abuse. Behavioral Assessment 13, pp. 265-291.

Ratcliff, R. & McKoon, G. (1988) A Retrieval Theory of Priming in Memory. 95 Psychological Review 3.

Repucci, N. (1984) The Wisdom of Solomon: Issues in Child Custody Determinations. In: N. Repucci, L. Weithorn, E. Mulvey, & J. Monahan (Eds) Children, Mental Health, and the Law. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Rogers, M.L. (1990) Coping with Alleged False Sexual Molestation: Examination and Statement Analysis Procedures. Issues in Child Abuse Accusations 2, pp. 57-68.

Rogers, Richard (2001), Handbook of Diagnostic and Structured Interviewing. NY: Guilford Press.

Rosen, K. & Rothbaum, F. (1993) Quality of Parental Caregiving and Security of Attachment. 29 Developmental Psychology 2.

Rosenfeld, A.A., Nadelson, C.C., & Krieger, M. (1979) Fantasy and Reality in Patients Reports of Incest. 40 Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 4.

Rueda, C.A. (2004) An Inter-Rater Reliability Study of Parental Alienation Syndrome.

Salzgeber, J. & M. Stadler (1999) Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) - alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen? In: Familie und Recht, April: 231-235.

Salzgeber, J. & Stadler, M. (1998) Beziehung kontra Erziehung. Kritische Anmerkungen zur aktuellen Rezeption von PAS. Ein Plädoyer für Komplexität. (Relationship vs. Education. Some Critical Notes on the Current Reception of PAS. A Plea for Complexity) Kind-Prax 6, pp. 167-171.

Salzgeber, J., Stadler, M., Schmidt, S. M., and Partale, C. (1999) Umgangsprobleme – Ursachen des Kontaktabbruchs durch das Kind jenseits des Parental Alienation Syndrome. 2(4) Kindschaftsrechtliche Praxis [Kind-Prax] 1(6), 107 – 111.

Sass, H., Wittchen, U., Zaudig, M. (2000) DSM-IV and ICD-10 Fallbuch. Fallübungen zur Differentialdiagnose nach DSM-IV und ICD-10. (Case Studies on Differential Diagnosis according to DSM-IV and ICD-10) Göttingen, Bern, Toronto & Seattle: Hogrefe. (Title of American original: Frances, A. & Ross, R. [1996]. DSM-IV Case Studies: A Clinical Guide to Differential Diagnosis. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press.)

Sauber, S. R. (2006) PAS as a Family Tragedy: Roles of Family Members, Professionals, and the Justice System. In: R. Gardner, R. Sauber, & D. Lorandos (Eds) The International Handbook of Parental Alienation Syndrome: Conceptual, Clinical and Legal Considerations. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd.

Schacht, T. & Quillen, J. (2000) Prevention Strategies to Protect Professionals and Families Involved in High Conflict Divorce. 22 University of Arkansas at Little Rock Review 565.

Schepard, A. (Ed.) (2001) Special issue: Alienated Children in Divorce. 39 Family Court Review 3.

Schmidt-Denter, U. (1997) Kindliche Reaktionen auf Trennung und Scheidung. In: Familie Partnerschaft Recht, February: 57-59.

Schmitt, M. (1997) Präventive Methoden in der Gruppenarbeit mit Kindern in Trennungs- und Scheidungssituationen. In: Krieger, W. (Ed) Elterliche Trennung und Scheidung im Erleben von Kindern, Berlin: VWB pp. 11-75.

Schreier, H.A. (1996) Repeated False Allegations of Sexual Abuse Presenting to Sheriffs: When is it Munchausen by Proxy? 20 Child Abuse & Neglect 10.

Schrsder, U. (2000): Umgangsrecht und falsch verstandenes Wohlverhaltensgebot Auswirkungen auf Trennungskinder und Entstehen des so genannten PA-Syndroms 9English Translation: Visitation Rights and misunderstanding of the rule to cooperate Effects on Children of Divorce and the Development of the PA Syndrome) Zeitschrift fyr das gesamte familienrecht (FamRz) 47 (10): 592 596.

Schutz, B.M., Dixon, E.B., Lindenberger, J.C. & Ruther, N.J. (1989) Solomon’s Sword: A Practical Guide to Conducting Child Custody Evaluations. San Francisco, CA.:Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Seligman, M. E. (1992) Erlernte Hilflosigkeit, Weinheim: Beltz.

Shengold, Leonard (1995) Soul Murder. (Seelenmord – die Anwirkungen von Missbrauch und Vernachlässigung in der Kindheit.) Frankfurt am Main: Brandes & Apsel Verlag.

Siegel, J. & J.S. Langford, (1998), MMPI-2 Validity Scales and Suspected Parental Alienation Syndrome. 16 American Journal of Forensic Psychology 4.

Siegel, J. (1996) Traditional MMPI-2 Validity Indicators and Initial Presentation in Custody Evaluation. 14 American Journal Of Forensic Psychology 3.

Simon, L. (1995) A therapeutic jurisprudence approach to the legal processing of domestic violence cases. Psychology, public policy and law, vol. 1(1), 43-79.

Sjögren, L.H. (2006) PAS in Compulsory Public Custody Conflicts. In: R. Gardner, R. Sauber, & D. Lorandos (Eds) The International Handbook of Parental Alienation Syndrome: Conceptual, Clinical and Legal Considerations. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd.

Smith, J. (1991) Aftermath of a False Allegation. Issues in Child Abuse Accusations,

Sobal, B.(2002) Article 13(b) of the Hague Convention treaty: Does it Create a loophole for Parental Alienation Syndrome—An Insidious Abduction? The International Lawyer, Fall 2001, Vol.35 No.3,pp.997-1025.

Sobal, B.B (2006) Parental Alienation Syndrome & International Child Abduction: A Multi-Generational Syndrome. In: R. Gardner, R. Sauber, & D. Lorandos (Eds) The International Handbook of Parental Alienation Syndrome: Conceptual, Clinical and Legal Considerations. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd.

Solomon, J. & Biringen, Z. (2001) Another Look At The Developmental Research: Commentary On Kelly And Lamb’s “Using Child Development Research To Make Appropriate Custody And Access Decisions For Young Children.” 39 Family and Conciliation Courts Review 4.

Spangenberg, B and Spangenberg, E. (2002), Induszerte Umgangsverweigerung 9PAS) Und richterliche KreativitSt. Familie, Partnerschaft Und Recht (FPR) 6 (2002): 256-257.

Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists (1991) 15 Law and Human Behavior 6.

Sperry, L. (2006) Introduction. In: R.Gardner, R. Sauber, R. & D. Lorandos (Eds) The International Handbook of Parental Alienation Syndrome: Conceptual, Clinical and Legal Considerations. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd.

Stadler, M. & Salzgeber, J. (1999) Parental Alienation Syndrom (PAS) – alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen? 99 Familie, Partnerschaft und Recht [FPR] 4.

Stahl, P. (1994) Conducting Child Custody Evaluations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Press.

Stahl, P. M. (1999) Complex Issues in Child Custody Evaluations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Stahl, P. M. (1999) Alienation and Alignment of Children. 32 California Psychologist 3.

Stamps, L. E. (2002) Maternal Preference in Child Custody Decisions. 37 Journal of Divorce and Remarriage 1/2.

Stamps, L. E., Kunen, S., and Rock-Faucheux, A. (1997) Judges’ Beliefs Dealing With Child Custody Decisions. 28 Journal of Divorce and Remarriage 1/2.

Stangor, C. & Lange, J. (1993) Mental Representations of Social Groups: Advances in Understanding Stereotypes and Stereotyping. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 26, pp.357.

Steinberg, L., Mounts, N. S., Lamborn, S. D., & Dornbusch, S. M. (1991) Authoritative Parenting and Adolescent Adjustment Across Varied Ecological Niches. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 1, pp.19- 36.

Stoltz, J. M. & Ney, T. (2002) Resistance to Visitation: Rethinking Parental and Child Alienation. 40 Family Court Review, 2.

Straus, A. L. (1987) Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. NY: Cambridge University Press.

Stuart-Mills-Hoch, P., & Hoch, R. (2003) Successful Reintegration of Severely Alienated Children and Their Parents. In: W. Andritzky & P. Koeppel (Eds.) The Parental Alienation Syndrome: An Interdisciplinary Challenge for Professionals Involved in Divorce. Berlin, Germany: BWV-Verlag fur Wissenshaft and Bildung, pp. 253-266.

Sturge, C and Glaser, D (2000) Contact and Domestic Violence: The Experts’ Court Report. Family Law 30, pp. 615-629.

Sullivan, M. & Kelly, J. (2001) Alienated Children in Divorce: Legal and Psychological Cases with an Alienated Child. 33 Family Court Review 299.

Suren, A. (2001) Das Parental Alienation Syndrom (PAS) – Belastungsreaktionen und Bewältigungsstrategien betroffener Mütter (Diplomarbeit an der Fakultät für Psychologie und Sportwissenschaften, Abteilung für Psychologie der Universität), Bielefeld.

Texas State Board of Examiners of Psychologists Newsletter (2003) Texas Board Rule 465.18 pertaining to forensic services. “Therapist and Expert: Prohibited Dual Roles”. Vol 16, Issue 1, Winter.

Thuen, F., & Rise, J. (2001) Dimensionality of Psychosocial Responses to Marital Disruption. 42 Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 1.

Turkat, I.D. (1995) Divorce Related Malicious Mother Syndrome. 10 Journal of Family Violence 3.

Turkat, I.D. (1993) Questioning the Mental Health Expert’s Custody Report. 7 American Journal of Family Law pp. 175-179.

Turkat, I.D. (1994) Child Visitation Interference in Divorce. 14 Clinical Psychology Review 8.

Turkat, I.D. (1997), Management of Visitation Interference. The Judges Journal 36:2:17-47.

Turkat, I.D. (2000) Custody Battle Burnout. 28 American Journal of Family Therapy 3.

Turner, F. (l988) Child Psychopathology: A Social Work Perspective. NY: The Free Press.